29 Soil and Water Contamination
Common Hazards:
- Chemical Runoff – Excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers can seep into groundwater or run off into nearby streams.
- Fuel & Oil Spills – Leaks from machinery, tanks, or storage areas can contaminate soil and water sources.
- Livestock Waste Overflow – Improperly managed manure pits can lead to nitrogen buildup and bacterial contamination.
- Old Wells & Unsealed Storage Tanks – Abandoned or poorly maintained systems can leak into surrounding soil and aquifers.
- Flooding & Drainage Issues – Heavy rains can spread pollutants across fields and into water systems.
Adressing Hazards:
- Use Chemicals Responsibly – Follow application guidelines and avoid spraying near wells or waterways.
- Maintain Storage Areas – Regularly inspect fuel tanks, chemical containers, and irrigation systems for leaks.
- Implement Buffer Zones – Planting grass strips or buffer zones around fields helps absorb runoff before it enters water supplies.
- Test Soil & Water Regularly – Periodic testing identifies early signs of contamination and allows for timely intervention.
- Manage Manure Effectively – Use containment systems and proper spreading techniques to reduce nutrient overload.
Mental Health Impacts:
- Worry About Environmental Impact – Farmers may feel responsible for pollution affecting neighbors or the community.
- Fear of Regulatory Fines – Accidental contamination can lead to legal or financial consequences.
- Stress from Water Access Issues – Concerns over safe drinking water or irrigation can disrupt daily operations.
Addressing Mental Health:
- Stay Proactive with Prevention – Knowing you’re managing risks appropriately can reduce stress and uncertainty.
- Seek Technical Assistance – Extension services and conservation agencies can help with compliance and planning. Here is the extension office for Nerbraska
- Talk to Other Producers – Sharing strategies and lessons learned can provide reassurance and new ideas.
- Address Small Issues Early – Small leaks or runoff problems are easier to manage before they become major.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). Nonpoint source agriculture. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved March 25, 2025, from https://www.epa.gov/nps/nonpoint-source-agriculture