Chapter 10: Color Readings and Exercises

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Puppet (Wayang Klitik) of Drona Maker: Unknown. Early 20th century. Courtesy of the Yale Museum of Art.

Videos

Color Theory for Noobs

The Color Mixing Masterclass

Readings:

Defining Warm and Cool Colors Just Paint

Color Theory and the Color Wheel Canva

Warm and Cool Cool Color Reflection: Art In Context

What is Color Blindness?

Important Terms

Transparent colors allow a light source to pass through them.

Translucent allows light to reflect off objects behind the surface replicating their own color wavelengths.

Opaque substance does not let any light pass through, in paint, a solid color.

Image: Tatiana Pankova / iStock / Getty Images Plus

 

Human Color Wheel based on the hue and light detected on human skins, after Harbisson (2004–2009)
Human Color Wheel based on the hue and light detected on human skins, after Harbisson (2004–2009). Waneford US. CC BY SA 3.0.

Sketchbook:

Color wheel:

Make a color wheel for each color media you own, color pencils, oil pastels, dry pastels, etc. Include the three primary, three secondary, and six tertiary colors. Use an organic or geometric shape to trace for each color, this will make the wheel interesting or contain some sense of narrative.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Moses_Harris%2C_The_Natural_System_of_Colours.jpg
Moses Harris, The Natural System of Colours and Ignaz Schiffermüller, Versuch eines Farbensystems (Vienna, 1772), plate I – project Gutenberg. Public Domain.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/020_schiffermueller1.jpg
Ignaz Schiffermüller, Versuch eines Farbensystems (Vienna, 1772), plate I. Color wheels can be used to create pleasing color schemes. Public Domain.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Boutet_1708_color_circles.jpg
Seven-color and twelve-color color circles from 1708, attributed to Claude Boutet. Public Domain.

How to spin the colour wheel, by Turner, Malevich and more… from TATE

Gradients:

Illustrate shifts of color with soft transitions. Make at least two gradient examples; one based on warm colors and the other cool colors.

A Linear, or Axial, Color Gradient, Chris Chittleborough, CC BY-SA 3.0
A Radial Color Gradient, Chris Chittleborough. CC BY-SA 3.

Bezold:

Design a composition of an interlocking or connecting pattern that extends across your picture plane. Use acrylic or oil pastels and a minimum of three colors to illustrate the Bezold Effect.

Bezold is an optical illusion, named after a German professor of meteorology. Wilhelm von Bezold discovered that a color may appear different depending on its relation to adjacent colors.

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Demonstration of the Bezold effect. The red seems lighter combined with the white, and darker combined with the black. Public Domain.
Can you trust your eyes?  Monday Minute: Color is Relative!

Clear Objects:

How can you illustrate or represent, plastic, or plastic wrapped object? To paint or draw something white or clear, you need color. Select at least three objects that are glass, ceramic, porcelain, plastic, metal for this assignment. Look for your highlights to start, once you’ve established your brightest areas using color can help you develop your subject matter.

Presentation vase, Long Island Flint Glass Works of Christian Dorflinger (1852–63), Blown, cut, and engraved glass, American
Long Island Flint Glass Works of Christian Dorflinger American 1859. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.

Look at masters of reflective objects, Janet Fish and Carolyn Brady.

Janet Fish Kalamazoo Institute of Arts

Neo Impressionism Self Portrait (or Divisionism not Pointillism):

Look at the examples located in the links below. Notice the different styles and approaches that were taken to develop a subject or location. Some works have thick bold marks (Robert Delaunay) while others have smaller intricate strokes (Théo van Rysselberghe). Whatever style you prefer to work with, it should be evident that there is a color relationship happening on the paper that is translated visually from a distance by the viewer.

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Paul Signac, 1890, Portrait of Félix Fénéon (in front of an enamel of a rhythmic background of measures and angles, shades and colors), oil on canvas, 73.7 × 92.5 cm (28.9 × 36.4 in.), Museum of Modern Art, New York

Videos

Divisionism Style – also called chromoluminarism

Impressionism in 8 minutes: How it changed the course of art

What is Impressionism

Readings

Neo-Impressionism from TATE

Divisionism Britannica

Use the links listed above to learn about Impressionism and Neo Impressionism/Divisionism. Think about how artists observe color and utilize it in their work.

Madame Manet (Suzanne Leenhoff, 1829–1906) at Bellevue, Edouard Manet (French, Paris 1832–1883 Paris), Oil on canvas
Madame Manet (Suzanne Leenhoff, 1829–1906) at Bellevue. Edouard Manet. 1880. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.
A Washerwoman at Eragny, Camille Pissarro (French, Charlotte Amalie, Saint Thomas 1830–1903 Paris), Oil on canvas
A Washerwoman at Eragny. Camille Pissarro. 1893. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.

Josef Albers:

An artist and influential educator, worked in various media, including photography, painting, and printmaking. He is best known for his abstract paintings and color theory. His book, Interaction of Color was published in 1963. Wikipedia

Josef Albers: The Magic of Color YouTube

Josef and Anni Albers Lecture YouTube

Homage to the Square: Aurora YouTube

Interaction of Color YouTube

Writing:

Explore Impressionism and Op Art. How are they similar, how are they different? Talk about the way artists use color, texture, and pattern to create illusion and movement.

Impressionism Wikipedia

Op Art Wikipedia

What is Impressionism YouTube

5 Impressionism Art Characteristics YouTube

Op Art History YouTube

The Artist's Garden at Saint-Clair, Henri-Edmond Cross (Henri-Edmond Delacroix) (French, Douai 1856–1910 Saint-Clair), Watercolor
The Artist’s Garden at Saint-Clair Henri-Edmond Cross (Henri-Edmond Delacroix). 1904–5. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.
Study for
Study for “A Sunday on La Grande Jatte” Georges Seurat. 1884. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.
Textile Design with a Vermicular Pattern Decorated with Pearls over a Background of Diagonal Stripes, Anonymous, Alsatian, 19th century, Gouache
Textile Design with a Vermicular Pattern Decorated with Pearls over a Background of Diagonal Stripes Anonymous, Alsatian, 19th century. 1840. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.

 

Textile Design with Vertical Strips of Clouds and Circles, Anonymous, Alsatian, 19th century, Gouache
Textile Design with Vertical Strips of Clouds and Circles Anonymous, Alsatian, 19th century. 1840. Public Domain. Courtesy of the MET Museum.

Large Projects:

Collage: Research the collage works by Romare Bearden. Notice how he divides his composition with color and shape. How can you use flat sections of color to portray space or distance? Incorporate figures or present a narrative by including interesting action or details. Use construction paper, painted paper, newspaper clippings, magazines, or catalogs to make a collage. If you have limited printed materials, a digital version is acceptable.

Collages, from the Romare Bearden Foundation. 

Collage, from the MET.

Collage with Romare Bearden YouTube

Romare Bearden, Three Folk Musicians YouTube

How to Make collage with Helina Metaferia YouTube

OR a Dada Collage:

How to create a collage (for beginners) YouTube

German artists and collage YouTube

Dada TATE

Chance Creations: Collage, Photomontage and Assemblage, from MoMA.

DADA Movement in Practice – From Collage to Readymade, from Widewalls

Surreal Collage

Vintage Rock Posters:

Peruse the extensive online collection of concert posters online. Design a tour or show poster for your favorite musician. Consciously chose colors that relate to, are influenced by, or are evident in the music. How can you use all the elements of design for this project?

Family Dog Official Trailer YouTube

Where the 1960s “psychedelic” look came from YouTube

Poster Art of Wes Wilson

Folk art:

What is folk art? It covers all forms of visual art made in the context folk culture. It reflects the cultural life of a community; it encompasses the expressive culture associated with folklore and heritage. Wikipedia

Heritage is about tradition, achievements, the history of your group or nation. What do you value, what positive traits can I attribute to myself and my community? Consider your heritage, where are your grandparents from? Or perhaps you relate closely with a group of friends? Family isn’t always blood, who are you connected to, what connects you to your culture. What ties you all together, what could your folk art look like?  Who makes up your community, what stories do you share with your kin?

Start off by sketching some designs and patterns in your sketchbook. Look at traditional folk art, does the work have a function or is it decorative. Once you have an idea of how to tell a story in one drawing or painting lay out a composition on a large sheet of paper.

Santa Fe’s International Folk Art Market YouTube

Scandinavian Folk Art YouTube

Alebrijes YouTube

Amate paper YouTube

Santoshi Shyam  hyperallergic 

Lithuanian folk art

American Folk Art Museum

 

Artists (and more) to Research:

Jean Michel Basquiat

Wikipedia

1996 Movie youtube

Henri Matisse

Wikipedia

MoMA Blue Window YouTube

Katsushika Hokusai

Fantastic Landscapes YouTube

Keith Haring

Great Art Explained

Documentary

Sandy Skoglund

YouTube

Wikipedia

Morris Louis

YouTube

Wikipedia

Marc Chagall

Documentary YouTube

Wikipedia

Yayoi Kusama

YouTube

Amy Sherald

Art 21 YouTube

Lois Mailou Jones

Remembering the Masters YouTube

Wikipedia

Mark Rothko

The Case for Mark Rothko

What Rothko’s Art Teaches Us About Suffering

Richard Diebenkorn

Wikipedia

YouTube

Foundation

Hilma Af Klint

Abstract Artist

Piet Mondrian

YouTube

Explained YouTube

Wikipedia

Helen Frankenthaler

Wikipedia

MoMA YouTube

Anish Kapoor

Black The Collector

artnet

Deutsche Guggenheim

Color Fields exhibit

Little Big History of Paint

YouTube

A Story of Blue

YouTube

Most Expensive Pigment in the World

YouTube

Using petroleum with color pencils

YouTube

The Amber Room

YouTube

Gold Leaf

British Pathé YouTube

Kanazawa Artisans YouTube

More Projects:

Mural Proposal: If there is an actual project that you’ve been wanting to apply for, here’s a chance to work on a proposal. Or, make this a dream project, find a building and location that you would love to showcase your work. Find or estimate the measurements and dimensions of the wall surface, research best media and ways to apply media to surface and decide if you need an assistant (or more) to complete the job.

Cost per square foot ranges from $10 – $20 for murals, so a 50 square foot wall would at least be $500 or up to $1500.

Is the wall surface; flat, even, smooth? If it needs washing, caulking or putty is that your job? Does the wall need to be treated before or after your paint is applied? Are you painting around objects or including them, gutters, drains, windows, etc. Do you need scaffolding or ladders? Always be aware of your surroundings, is the location safe.

Statement: artist statement and/or idea or intent

Description: what is the project about

Work: show examples or other murals (if possible)

Budget: artist fee (hourly wage), preparation costs, supplies, materials, safety equipment, travel expenses.

How to Write a Mural Proposal Letter, I am Detour YouTube

Mural Mockup YouTube

Mural Pricing 101 pandr

Branding: Now that we’ve taken a deeper dive into the elements, how can you use this knowledge to engage your audiences? Is there a logo or design that your audience associates with you? If so, is there a way to incorporate it into merch, a website, or personal logo? Make a series of design sketches to find an image, acronym, slogan, letter, shape that best represents you and your current work.

Branding for Artists Constant Contact

Build Your Personal Brand in 5 Steps Very Private Gallery

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Foundation Drawing for Art 1100 Copyright © 2022 by Amy Haney is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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